Terbium.

Terbium is a very unusual metal from a number of lanthanides and has a significant range of unique physical characteristics, however, as well as a number of its alloys and compounds. Terbium monoisotope element (terbium-159).

Giant magnetostrictive effect. Production of magnetostrictive alloys

The terbium-iron alloy is the best magnetostrictive material of modern technology (especially its monocrystal) and is used for the production of powerful small displacement actuators (for example, adaptive optics of large reflector telescopes), sound sources of enormous power, super-powerful ultrasonic emitters, in addition, a number of terbium compounds also exhibit giant magnetostriction and in this respect terbium titanate and in particular its monocrystal are of particular interest.

Magnetic materials

The monocrystalline terbium-cobalt alloy at temperatures close to absolute zero is the most powerful magnetohard material (408 kJ / meter), which is more than 5-7 times higher than that of the samarium-cobalt or iron-neodymium-boron alloy, and allows us to conclude that the synthesis of new magnetohard materials has large reserves.

Thermoelectric materials

Telluride terbium is a good thermoelectric material and with a decrease in the price of terbium can be widely used for the production of thermoelectric generators (thermo-e.g. from 160-170 μV / K).
Laser materials
Terbium gallium grenade (THG) is used in laser technology as an optical insulator and a Faraday rotator.

phosphors

Tungramate terbium is constantly produced and consumed in electronics as a phosphor. Application in OLED devices are complex terbium compounds (along with europium and samarium). This is due to good luminescent characteristics – high intensity of luminescence and a small half-width of spectrum lines. Such properties are explained by the prohibition of transitions between the terms f of the shell, shielded by overlying 5s and 5p shells. The principle of operation of such supramolecular photophysical devices (the definition of J. M. Len) is based on the antenna effect.

Giant magnetocaloric effect

Terbium alloys with gadolinium show significant characteristics for the design of magnetic refrigerators.
Catalysts

Terbium oxide is used as a highly efficient oxidation catalyst.

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